Research advances on the application of carbon dots in wound treatment / 中华烧伤杂志

Chronic and infectious wound healing has always been an issue of concern in clinical and scientific research, in which bacterial infection and oxidative damage are the key factors hindering wound healing. Carbon dots, as a new material, has attracted much attention because of its unique physical and chemical properties and good biological safety. In recent years, the researches on the antibacterial property, antioxidant, and photoluminescence properties of carbon dots are more and more extensive and carbon dots have great potential in the treatment of chronic and infectious wounds. This paper reviews the research progress of carbon dots in three aspects: antibacterial, anti-oxidation and monitoring of wound infection are reviewed, and further discusses its specific mechanism, potential research direction, and application prospect.

AST-120 Improves Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Receiving Hemodialysis

PURPOSE: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a pivotal phenomenon in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a known uremic toxin that induces ED in patients with chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether AST-120, an absorbent of IS, improves microvascular or macrovascular ED in HD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective, case-controlled trial. Fourteen patients each were enrolled in respective AST-120 and control groups. The subjects in the AST-120 group were treated with AST-120 (6 g/day) for 6 months. Microvascular function was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry using iontophoresis of acetylcholine (Ach) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) at baseline and again at 3 and 6 months. Carotid arterial intima-media thickness (cIMT) and flow-mediated vasodilation were measured at baseline and 6 months. The Wilcoxon rank test was used to compare values before and after AST-120 treatment. RESULTS: Ach-induced iontophoresis (endothelium-dependent response) was dramatically ameliorated at 3 months and 6 months in the AST-120 group. SNP-induced response showed delayed improvement only at 6 months in the AST-120 group. The IS level was decreased at 3 months in the AST-120 group, but remained stable thereafter. cIMT was significantly reduced after AST-120 treatment. No significant complications in patients taking AST-120 were reported. CONCLUSION: AST-120 ameliorated microvascular ED and cIMT in HD patients. A randomized study including a larger population will be required to establish a definitive role of AST-120 as a preventive medication for CVD in HD patients.

Evaluation of porous vitreous carbon or silicon implants by radiology in rat's skull / Avaliação radiológica de implantes de carbono vítreo poroso ou silicone em crânio de ratos

PURPOSE: Evaluate by CT the use of porous vitreous carbon (PVC) and silicon (S) implants as the replacement bone in the craniofacial skeleton of rats. METHODS: 40 rats divided in: Group A (n=20) PVC submitted to the implant of a fragment in skull. After the euthanasia, the animals were divided into two subgroups: A I: 10 animals, studied in the 7th postoperative day (P.O) and AII: 10 animals, studied in the 28th P.O. In group B, S, 20 rats were submitted to S implant in the skull. All other steps were identical to group A, with designation of subgroups BI and BII. CT with beams in axial cuts of 1 mm thickness to obtain 3-D information It was used Hounsfield scale for evaluate the radio density of the implant. They were used non parametric tests to analyze the results. RESULTS: The 7th PO boss remained in the two groups, but for 28th PO, observed reduction in the volume of the implant in Group A, not observed in group B. CT studies noticed different radio densities around all of S prostheses (pseudo-capsule), that don't appeared in CPV implants. The S has remained unchanged in the CT, but the CPV has had a modification in its radio density (p<0,05), in all implants. CONCLUSION: In CT evaluation the implants of CPV have greater deformation that the S, which makes them not suitable for replacement of membranous bone in the rat skull.

OBJETIVO: Realizar avaliação através de tomografia computadorizada (TC) de implantes de carbono vítreo poroso (CVP) e silicone (S) para sua utilização na substituição óssea no esqueleto craniofacial de ratos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 40 ratos Wistar divididos em: Grupo A (n=20), implantes subperiostais de CVP no crânio. Após o momento da eutanásia os animais foram divididos em dois subgrupos: A I: 10 animais, estudados no 7(0) dia pós-operatório (PO) e AII: 10 animais, estudados no 28(0) PO. No grupo B (n=20), os ratos foram submetidos ao implante de silicone no crânio. Todas outras etapas foram idênticas ao grupo A, com a designação de subgrupos BI e BII. Foi realizada tomografia computadorizada com cortes axiais de 1 mm de espessura para obtenção de imagens tridimensionais. A escala de Hounsfield foi utilizada para avaliação da radiodensidade dos implantes. Testes estatísticos não paramétricos foram utilizados para analisar os resultados. RESULTADOS: O volume do implante foi mantido ao 7(0) PO nos dois grupos, mas ao 28(0) PO, ocorreu uma redução no volume do implante no grupo A, não observada no grupo B. Os estudos tomográficos demonstraram a presença de uma pseudo-cápsula ao redor dos implantes no grupo B, não observada nos implantes de CVP. Os implantes de silicone permaneceram inalterados na TC, mas os de CVP apresentaram modificação na sua radiodensidade e deformação (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Na avaliação, através de TC, os implantes de CPV apresentam maior deformação que os de S, o que os torna inadequados para substituição do osso membranoso no crânio de ratos.

Reconstruçäo do ligamento cruzado anterior: utilizaçäo do ligamento sintético ABC / Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament: use of the ABC synthetic ligament

Os autores apresentam 26 casos revistos de reconstruçäo do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) em que se utilizam tanto nas instabilidades agudas quanto nas crônicas, o ABC - Active Bioprosthetic Composite -, um ligamento, sintético, composto de fibras de carbono e poliéster. Os pacientes foram operados no Hospital de Tráumato-Ortopedia do Rio de Janeiro (HTO-RJ), no período de dezembro de 1989 a outubro de 1991, sendo 22 do sexo masculino e quatro do feminino, com idade média de 34,5 anos. Concluem os autores que, embora a avaliaçäo dos resultados com esta técnica seja precoce, a substituiçäo do LCA pelo ligamento ABC se configura como uma alternativa para o tratamento dessas lesöes. Sem dúvida, novas investigaçöes e um tempo maior de acompanhamento fazem-se necessários para que se obtenham melhores conclusöes